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When Frustration Comes From Real ExperienceConversations about reparations often come from real and justified frustration. Many people see that some groups have received recognition or compensation. They then ask why Black Americans have not received the same response. That question is both valid and necessary. It deserves to be taken seriously. It is important to

A Tragedy That Should Not Be Forgotten The story of George Stinney Jr. is one of the clearest examples of injustice in American history. In 1944, in South Carolina, a 14-year-old boy was arrested and accused of a serious crime. He was taken into custody and separated from his family. Within a short time, he

The Gaps in What We Learned Many people grow up believing they were taught a complete version of history. But as you look closer, you begin to notice what was left out. One of those overlooked truths is that slavery existed in northern states, including New Jersey. In fact, New Jersey was among the last

Understanding the Nature of the HarmTo understand reparations, you first have to understand the nature of the harm. Slavery was not a single event that ended in 1865; it was the beginning of a long system of controlled disadvantage. What followed—Black Codes, Jim Crow laws, redlining, and mass incarceration—were not random developments. They were extensions