Introduction Over the past few years, I’ve heard more people talking about the term “Foundational Black American,” or FBA. For some, it’s a way of honoring the unique journey of Black Americans whose ancestors were enslaved in this country. They believe that history deserves to be recognized when conversations turn to reparations, public policy, and
Introduction I’ve come to believe that some of the greatest ideas begin in the most ordinary moments. They don’t always come from famous people, big companies, or government offices. Many are born when everyday folks find a better way to solve an everyday problem. That’s exactly what happened with Willie Lee Duckworth. As a young
The Black Soldier Who Gave the Military Its Cadence: The Story of Willie Lee Duckworth Read More »
Introduction The decades surrounding the First and Second World Wars changed the social and economic landscape of the United States. During this period, millions of African Americans left the rural South in what became known as The Great Migration. They sought better-paying jobs, greater personal freedom, and an escape from the harsh realities of Jim
The Great Migration, White Flight, and the Changing American City Read More »
Introduction Throughout history, faith has played a central role in the lives of individuals, families, and communities. Places of worship have provided moral guidance, hope, education, and support while helping people endure both joyful seasons and life’s greatest challenges. For many people, faith has been a source of strength when life seemed uncertain. It has
Faith, Identity, and Community Building: Finding Common Ground Without Division Read More »
Introduction The history of the American South cannot be fully understood without listening to the voices of the families who lived through sharecropping, segregation, and the poverty that followed slavery. Their experiences reveal not only the hardships they endured but also the strength, resilience, and hope that carried generations forward. For many Black families, freedom
From Sharecropping to Hope: Remembering Poverty, Faith, and the Search for Dignity Read More »
Introduction For many Black Americans, the conversation about reparations is deeply personal. It has never been only about money. It is also about whether America is willing to fully acknowledge the lasting effects of slavery, segregation, and generations of discrimination. Many believe reparations are one way to address historic wrongs that continue to shape economic
Reparations for Slavery: History, Wealth, and the Continuing National Debate Read More »
Introduction The relationship between natural resources, international finance, and economic development has been debated for generations. Nigeria is often at the center of that discussion because it is one of Africa’s largest oil-producing nations. Despite its vast oil wealth, many Nigerians continue to face poverty and limited economic opportunity. That contrast has led many people
History Is Personal For many Black Americans, the debate over how American history should be taught is deeply personal. It is not simply about textbooks or lesson plans. I have often wondered whether our children are learning the whole story of America or only the parts that make us feel proud. Growing up, I learned
Teaching the Whole Story of America Read More »
Introduction For many Black Americans, the debate over welfare has never been only about government assistance. It has also been about family, dignity, and survival. Many of us grew up hearing that if a Black father lived in the home, the family could lose its benefits. That belief came from the experiences of many families.
When Help Came With Conditions: Welfare Policies and the Black Family Read More »
Introduction The history of Puerto Rico is shaped by colonialism, slavery, racial discrimination, medical exploitation, and ongoing struggles over identity. These experiences have left deep marks that continue to influence conversations today. Because this history is painful, it is often discussed with strong emotions. At the same time, understanding the past requires careful attention to
Puerto Rico, Medical Ethics, and the Complex Legacy of Race and Identity Read More »